Bactria. Greco-Baktrian Kingdom. Baktra mint. Eukratides I Megas 170-145 BC.
Tetradrachm AR

32 mm, 16,83 g

Diademed and draped bust of Eukratides I to right, wearing crested helmet adorned with bull's horn and ear / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΕΥΚΡΑΤΙΔΟΥ, the Dioscouroi on horses prancing to right, each holding spear and palm; monogram in lower right field.

extremely fine

Bopearachchi 6X; Mitchiner 177e; SNG ANS 472; HGC 12, 131.

Eukratides I, often known as Eukratides the Great ("Megas"), was one of the most prominent and powerful rulers of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, reigning approximately from 170 to 145 BC. His rise to power marked a significant era in the Hellenistic East, characterized by military conquests, territorial expansion, and a break from previous dynasties in Bactria. Eukratides came to power after overthrowing the existing Euthydemid dynasty, although the exact circumstances of his rise are somewhat unclear. Some sources suggest he may have been related to the Seleucid royal family, which could explain his ability to consolidate power despite initial opposition. His reign is especially notable for his military campaigns, particularly his wars against the Indo-Greek kings to the south and east, expanding his rule into parts of modern-day Afghanistan and India. One of Eukratides I's most remarkable achievements was his successful defense of Bactria against multiple external threats, especially from neighboring kingdoms such as the Indo-Greek states. His expansion into northern India and control of key territories made him one of the most powerful Hellenistic rulers in the region. Eukratides is also famous for his coinage, which reflects his ambition and authority. His coins are among the largest in the Hellenistic world, particularly the massive gold decadrachms that bear his image. On his coins, Eukratides is depicted with a large, imposing head, often wearing a diadem or a military helmet, showcasing his power and military prowess. The reverse side of his coins typically features depictions of the Dioscuri (the twin gods Castor and Pollux), symbolizing protection and strength. Eukratides’ reign came to a violent end. According to ancient sources, he was murdered by his own son, potentially one of his heirs, in what was likely a power struggle within the royal family. His assassination marked the beginning of a period of instability for the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, and the power vacuum that followed contributed to the eventual collapse of Greek control in the region as new nomadic groups, such as the Yuezhi, began to invade. Despite his violent death, Eukratides I is remembered as one of the most significant rulers of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, a monarch who expanded its territories and left a lasting legacy through his impressive coinage and military achievements.