Kings of Macedon. Uncertain mint in Macedon. Philip II of Macedon 359-336 BC.
Bronze Æ

18 mm, 6,94 g

Diademed head of Apollo right / ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ, Youth on horse rearing right; below, prow to right.

Very Fine

HGC 3.1, 882.

Philip II of Macedon was a significant figure in ancient history, ruling Macedonia from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. He belonged to the Argead dynasty and was the father of Alexander the Great. Philip's reign saw the rise of Macedonia through reforms in the military, diplomacy, and marriage alliances. His creation of the Macedonian phalanx, siege tactics, and effective diplomacy helped him consolidate power. Philip's influence expanded after he defeated Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, leading to the establishment of the League of Corinth. His plan to invade the Achaemenid Empire was cut short by his assassination by Pausanias of Orestis. Philip's military prowess and strategic vision played a pivotal role in Macedon's ascendancy in ancient Greece and paved the way for Alexander's later conquests. Philip was born to King Amyntas III and Eurydice of Lynkestis. He was educated in Thebes, where he learned military and diplomatic skills. He succeeded in taking the Macedonian throne in 359 BC, following his brother's death. Philip expanded Macedonian territory, strengthened its army, and married several royal women to form alliances. His legacy continues through his contributions to military tactics and the foundation he laid for Alexander's legendary achievements.