Migration period bronze ring with large bezel engraved with five start monogram; 21.95mm max internal diameter,23.50mm outer diameter, 4.24 grams. London private collector; collection formed in the 1990s
The pentagram on the bezel, is also known as the "Philosopher's Star" because the four side points represented the four elements of which they understood the universe to be made, clockwise: Air, Earth, Water, and Fire, with the topmost point representing Mind, and the centre of the star representing Spirit. Many Romans wore it symbolizing rebellion against the more traditional gods of the Roman State, emphasizing Mind and Science triumphant over magic and ignorance.