KINGS of PARTHIA. Mithradates II.(121-91 BC)..Ekbatana.Drachm.

Obv : Diademed bust left.

Rev : ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ / ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ / ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ / ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ,.
Archer (Arsakes I) seated right on omphalos, holding bow.
Shore 79.

Condition : The coin is in good condition with light surface wear. It has a subtle gray patina, providing a smooth, matte finish that enhances the overall visual appeal of the design. The patina is evenly distributed, contributing to the coin's aged character without obscuring significant details.Extremely fine.

Material : Silver.
Axis : 12h

Weight : 3.84 gr
Diameter : 20 mm

Mithradates II, also known as Mithradates the Great, was one of the most important and successful kings of the Parthian Empire, reigning from 124 to 88 BCE. His reign is considered a high point in Parthian history, as he expanded the empire’s territories, consolidated its power, and established Parthia as a major player on the international stage, particularly in its relations with Rome and other neighboring powers.

When Mithradates II came to the throne, the Parthian Empire was in a precarious position. His predecessors had faced internal instability and threats from nomadic invasions, particularly from the Scythians, which weakened the empire. Mithradates II quickly set about strengthening the empire by securing its borders and restoring order. He successfully repelled the nomadic threats from the east, securing the region of Bactria and parts of Central Asia, thus ensuring Parthia’s eastern frontiers.

Mithradates II is also credited with expanding Parthian control over Mesopotamia, one of the most fertile and wealthy regions of the ancient world. His conquests extended Parthian influence to the Euphrates River, bringing him into contact with the Roman Republic, which was expanding its influence in the Near East at the same time. Mithradates managed to extend Parthian control over Armenia and established diplomatic relations with the Romans, setting the stage for the long and complex interactions between the two powers.

One of the key achievements of Mithradates II’s reign was the establishment of diplomatic and trade links with both Rome and China. He initiated formal contact with the Han Dynasty in China through the Silk Road, recognizing the importance of these trade routes for the Parthian economy. Parthia became a central hub in the silk trade, connecting East and West, and this further enhanced the wealth and influence of the empire.

In terms of domestic policy, Mithradates II was a stabilizing force within the empire. He strengthened the central authority of the monarchy, improved the administration, and ensured the loyalty of the nobility. His coinage reflects his strong sense of kingship, often depicting him with the title "King of Kings," emphasizing his role as the ruler of a vast and diverse empire.

Mithradates II's reign also marked a period of relative peace and prosperity within Parthia. His diplomatic efforts with neighboring powers, including Rome, helped to avoid large-scale conflict, although tensions remained. Under his rule, the Parthian Empire reached its greatest territorial extent and solidified its status as a dominant power in the Near East.

Mithradates II's legacy is that of a skilled diplomat, military leader, and administrator. He not only expanded the empire but also secured its position as a major power, laying the groundwork for future Parthian rulers. His reign is often seen as the height of Parthian power, and he is remembered as one of the greatest rulers in Parthian history.