Mysia. Pergamon circa 166-67 BC.
Cistophoric Tetradrachm AR

28 mm, 12,55 g

Cista mystica with serpent; all within ivy wreath / Bowcase between two serpents; monogram to left, club in right field.

Good Very Fine

Kleiner & Noe series 5; SNG BN 1703.

The *cista mystica* is an important symbol associated with the mystery cult of Dionysus (Bacchus in Roman mythology), the god of wine, ecstasy, and fertility. The term "cista" refers to a basket or box, and "mystica" indicates its association with the mysteries—secret religious rites practiced in the worship of Dionysus. In the context of the Dionysian mysteries, the *cista mystica* was a sacred container, often depicted in ancient art, that held ritual objects, including possibly a live serpent, which symbolized rebirth and immortality. The exact contents and rituals associated with the *cista mystica* were kept secret, known only to initiates of the cult. This secrecy was central to the religious experience, reflecting the mystical and transformative nature of the Dionysian rites. On ancient coins, particularly those from the Hellenistic period and the Roman Empire, the *cista mystica* is sometimes depicted alongside symbols related to Dionysus, such as ivy wreaths, thyrsi (staffs tipped with pine cones), or representations of the god himself. These coins were likely issued in regions where the Dionysian cult was particularly strong, serving both as currency and as a reminder of the spiritual power and significance of the Dionysian mysteries.